Racism in digital era: Development and initial validation of the Perceived Online Racism Scale (PORS v1.0).

Stigmatization, Discrimination, Racism, Injustice, and Inequalities in the COVID-19 Era

Validation of the Subtle and Blatant Racism Scale for Asian American College Students (SABR-A)

This investigation describes the validation of a measure of perceived racism developed to assess racial experiences of Asian American college students. In three studies across two different regions of the United States, there was strong evidence for the validation of the 8-item Subtle and Blatant Racism Scale for Asian American College Students (SABR-A). The subtle racism subscale refers to ins...

Measuring perceived racism and psychosis in African-Caribbean patients in the United Kingdom: the modified perceived racism scale

AIM The increased rate of psychosis and poorer service-related outcomes in UK African-Caribbeans may in part be related to racism; racism as an aetiological factor remains comparatively under-investigated. We wanted to develop a measure of perceived racism in UK African-Caribbean patients with psychosis METHODS We modified the Perceived Racism Scale (PRS) by substituting a mental-health-servi...

Sleep disturbance mediates the relationship between perceived racism and depressive symptoms.

OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of racism on sleep disturbance and depression and to examine whether sleep disturbance mediates the effects of racism on depression. DESIGN Cross-sectional questionnaire study. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS 168 Hispanic-American immigrants, 45% female, average age 33 years, average length of time living in the United States was 5 years. MEASURES The P...

Development and validation of the Measure of Indigenous Racism Experiences (MIRE)

BACKGROUND In recent decades there has been increasing evidence of a relationship between self-reported racism and health. Although a plethora of instruments to measure racism have been developed, very few have been described conceptually or psychometrically Furthermore, this research field has been limited by a dearth of instruments that examine reactions/responses to racism and by a restricte...